在搅拌车启动前,先要启动发动机。这时应使变速器处于空挡位置,将发动机与驱动车轮之间的联系断开,以卸除发动机负荷。待发动机已启动并开始正常的怠速运转后,方可将变速器挂上一定的挡位,使搅拌车起步。
Before starting the mixer, start the engine first. At this time, the transmission should be in neutral position, and the connection between the engine and the driving wheel should be disconnected to remove the engine load. After the engine has started and started normal idle running, the transmission can be put into a certain gear to start the mixer.
搅拌车起步时,搅拌车是从完全静止的状态逐步加速的。如果传动系统(它联系着整个搅拌车)与发动机刚性地联系,则变速器一挂上挡,搅拌车将突然向前冲动一下,而使发动机熄火。
When the mixer starts, it accelerates gradually from a completely static state. If the transmission system (which connects the whole mixer) is rigidly connected with the engine, as soon as the transmission is put into gear, the mixer will suddenly impulse forward, and the engine will shut down.
这是因为汽车从静止到前冲时,产生很大的惯性力,对发动机造成很大的阻力矩。在这个惯性阻力矩的作用下,发动机在瞬间转速急剧下降到稳定转速(一般为300~500r/min)以下,发动机即熄火而不能工作,当然搅拌车也就不能起步。
This is because the car from static to forward, produce a lot of inertial force, cause a lot of resistance moment to the engine. Under the action of this moment of inertia resistance, the engine speed drops sharply to the lowest stable speed (generally 300-500 R / min) in an instant, and the engine stops and can't work. Of course, the mixer can't start.
在传动系统中装设了离合器后,在发动机启动后,搅拌车启动之前,驾驶员先踩下离合器踏板,将离合器分离,使发动机与传动系统脱开,再将变速器挂上档,然后逐渐松开离合器踏板,使离合器逐渐接合。
After the clutch is installed in the transmission system, after the engine is started and before the mixer is started, the driver first steps on the clutch pedal to separate the clutch, so as to separate the engine from the transmission system, then put the transmission into gear, and then gradually release the clutch pedal to gradually engage the clutch.
![](/uploadfile/2021/1206/20211206022122771.png)
在离合器逐渐接合的过程中,发动机所受阻力矩也逐渐增加,故应同时逐渐踩下油门踏板,即逐步增加对发动机燃油供应量,使发动机的转速始终保持在稳定转速以上,不致熄火。
In the process of clutch engagement, the engine torque is also gradually increased, so the accelerator pedal should be gradually depressed at the same time, that is, the fuel supply to the engine should be gradually increased, so that the engine speed will always be maintained above the minimum stable speed, and the engine will not be flameout.
由于离合器的接合紧密程度逐渐增大,发动机经传动系传给驱动车轮的转矩便逐渐地增加。到牵引力足以客服起步阻力时,搅拌车即从静止开始运动并逐步加速。因此保证了混凝土罐车能平稳起步。
As the clutch engagement degree increases gradually, the torque transmitted by the engine to the driving wheels through the transmission system increases gradually. When the traction is enough to meet the starting resistance, the mixer starts to move from static and accelerates gradually. Therefore, the concrete tank car can start smoothly.